| Exploratory laparotomy, the surgical exploration
of the abdomen, is recommended when an abdominal
disease from an unknown cause needs to be diagnosed,
or when there is an injury to the abdomen (caused
by a gunshot wound or stab wound, also known
as "blunt trauma"). Diseases discovered by exploratory
laparotomy include:
- acute appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix)
- acute or chronic pancreatitis (inflammation
of the pancreas)
- retroperitoneal, abdominal, or pelvic abscesses
(pockets of infection)
- endometriosis (presence of uterine tissue in
the abdomen)
- salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian
tubes)
- adhesions (scar tissue in the abdomen)
- cancer (of the ovaries, colon, pancreas, or
liver)
- varying degrees of cancer (such as Hodgkin's
lymphoma)
- diverticulitis (inflammation of an intestinal
pocket)
- intestinal perforation (hole in the intestine)
- ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy in the abdomen
instead of the uterus)
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